retro-rpg/game/main.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) Camden Dixie O'Brien
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
 */

#include "engine_hooks.h"

#include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <libxml/parser.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SCALE 4

#define TILESIZE 16
#define VIEWWIDTH (16 * TILESIZE)
#define VIEWHEIGHT (12 * TILESIZE)

#define MAX_PATH_LEN 128

#define MAP_ASSET "/map.tmx"
#define MAPNLAYERS 2
#define MAPWIDTH 64
#define MAPHEIGHT 64
#define MAPSHIFTX 32
#define MAPSHIFTY 32
#define MAPMINX (TILESIZE * (-32))
#define MAPMAXX (TILESIZE * 32)
#define MAPMINY (TILESIZE * (-32))
#define MAPMAXY (TILESIZE * 32)

#define TSASSET "/overworld.png"
#define TSCOLS 40

#define PIDLE_ASSET "/player/idle.png"
#define PWALK_ASSET "/player/walk.png"
#define PWIDTH 48
#define PHEIGHT 64
#define PANIMLEN 8
#define PFBWIDTH 20
#define PFBHEIGHT 16
#define PFBOFFX -10
#define PFBOFFY 2

#define WALKSPEED 72 // pixels per second

#define BASEANIMPERIOD 100

#define MAXOBJTYPES 8
#define INITOBJCOLCAP 16
#define MAXENTITIES 32

#define QSORT_STACKSIZE 64

#define NELEMS(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))

typedef enum {
	SPRITE_DIR_DOWN = 0,
	SPRITE_DIR_LEFT_DOWN = 1,
	SPRITE_DIR_LEFT_UP = 2,
	SPRITE_DIR_UP = 3,
	SPRITE_DIR_RIGHT_UP = 4,
	SPRITE_DIR_RIGHT_DOWN = 5,
} sprite_dir_t;

typedef struct {
	bool left, right, up, down;
} input_state_t;

typedef struct {
	int x, y;
} ivec_t;

typedef struct {
	double x, y;
} dvec_t;

typedef struct {
	dvec_t off, ext;
} dbox_t;

typedef enum {
	ENTITY_DYN,
	ENTITY_OBJ,
} entitytag_t;

typedef struct entity {
	entitytag_t tag;
	struct entity *prev;
	struct entity *next;
} entity_t;

typedef struct {
	entity_t e;
	int svar, animlen;
	double speed;
	dvec_t pos, dir;
	ivec_t animstep, svarstep, ext;
	dbox_t fbox;
	SDL_Texture *tex;
} dynentity_t;

typedef struct {
	unsigned animframes;
	SDL_Rect src;
	SDL_Texture *tex;
} objtype_t;

typedef struct {
	entity_t e;
	unsigned type;
	ivec_t pos;
} objentity_t;

typedef struct {
	size_t n, cap;
	objentity_t *buf;
} objcol_t;

typedef unsigned map_t[MAPNLAYERS][MAPWIDTH][MAPHEIGHT];

typedef struct {
	const char *assetdir;
	map_t map;
	SDL_Texture *tstex, *pidle, *pwalk;
	input_state_t input;
	dvec_t vpos;
	objtype_t objtypes[MAXOBJTYPES];
	objcol_t objcol;
	dynentity_t p;
	entity_t *drawlist;
} gamestate_t;

typedef struct {
	int y;
	entity_t *e;
} y_entity_ref_t;

const engineconf_t game_conf = {
	.win = {
		.title = "2D Game",
		.w = SCALE * VIEWWIDTH,
		.h = SCALE * VIEWHEIGHT,
	},
	.memsize = sizeof(gamestate_t),
};

static const unsigned impassable_tiles[] = {
	284, 485, 486, 525, 527, 566, 567, 731,
	768, 770, 771, 804, 805, 806, 808, 845,
};

static inline unsigned
map_tile(const map_t map, int layeridx, double x, double y)
{
	const unsigned row = (unsigned)(floor(x / TILESIZE) + MAPSHIFTX);
	const unsigned col = (unsigned)(floor(y / TILESIZE) + MAPSHIFTY);
	if (row >= MAPWIDTH || col >= MAPHEIGHT)
		return 0;
	else
		return map[layeridx][row][col];
}

static inline int prop_int(xmlNodePtr node, const char *prop)
{
	xmlChar *str = xmlGetProp(node, (const xmlChar *)prop);
	assert(str);
	int val = atoi((const char *)str);
	xmlFree(str);
	return val;
}

static void load_layer(map_t map, xmlNodePtr layernode, int layeridx)
{
	xmlNodePtr node = layernode->xmlChildrenNode;
	while (NULL != node
	       && xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"data") != 0)
		node = node->next;
	assert(NULL != node);

	// Iterate through chunks and populate map array.
	xmlNodePtr chunk_contents;
	for (node = node->xmlChildrenNode; NULL != node; node = node->next) {
		if (0 != xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"chunk"))
			continue;

		const int chunk_x = prop_int(node, "x");
		const int chunk_y = prop_int(node, "y");

		chunk_contents = node->xmlChildrenNode;
		assert(
		    0 == xmlStrcmp(chunk_contents->name, (const xmlChar *)"text"));
		int x = chunk_x + MAPSHIFTX, y = chunk_y + MAPSHIFTY;
		xmlChar buf[10];
		const xmlChar *p, *q;
		q = chunk_contents->content;
		while (isspace((const char)*q))
			++q;
		p = q;
		while ('\0' != *q) {
			switch (*q) {
			case (xmlChar)',':
				memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
				memcpy(buf, p, sizeof(xmlChar) * (q - p));
				assert(x < MAPWIDTH && y < MAPHEIGHT);
				map[layeridx][x][y] = (unsigned)atoi((const char *)buf);
				++x;
				p = ++q;
				break;
			case (xmlChar)'\n':
				if (x < MAPWIDTH) {
					memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
					memcpy(buf, p, sizeof(xmlChar) * (q - p));
					assert(y < MAPHEIGHT);
					map[layeridx][x][y] = (unsigned)atoi((const char *)buf);
				}
				x = chunk_x + MAPSHIFTX;
				++y;
				p = ++q;
				break;
			default:
				++q;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

static unsigned
load_objtype(gamestate_t *state, const char *templ, SDL_Renderer *renderer)
{
	static char buf[MAX_PATH_LEN];
	assert(strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen(templ) + 1 < MAX_PATH_LEN);
	strcpy(buf, state->assetdir);
	strcat(buf, "/");
	strcat(buf, templ);

	// Identify object type ID
	xmlDocPtr doc = xmlParseFile(buf);
	assert(NULL != doc);
	xmlNodePtr node = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
	assert(NULL != node);
	assert(xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"template") == 0);
	node = node->xmlChildrenNode;
	while (node != NULL
	       && xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"object") != 0)
		node = node->next;
	assert(NULL != node);
	unsigned id = prop_int(node, "gid");
	assert(id < MAXOBJTYPES);

	// Populate objtype struct if not already loaded
	if (NULL == state->objtypes[id].tex) {
		state->objtypes[id].src.x = 0;
		state->objtypes[id].src.y = 0;
		state->objtypes[id].src.w = prop_int(node, "width");
		state->objtypes[id].src.h = prop_int(node, "height");

		node = node->xmlChildrenNode;
		while (node != NULL
		       && xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"properties") != 0)
			node = node->next;
		assert(NULL != node);
		for (node = node->xmlChildrenNode; NULL != node; node = node->next) {
			if (xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"property") != 0)
				continue;
			xmlChar *key = xmlGetProp(node, (const xmlChar *)"name");
			assert(key);
			xmlChar *val = xmlGetProp(node, (const xmlChar *)"value");
			assert(val);
			if (xmlStrcmp(key, (const xmlChar *)"animframes") == 0) {
				state->objtypes[id].animframes = atoi((const char *)val);
			} else if (xmlStrcmp(key, (const xmlChar *)"assetpath") == 0) {
				assert(
				    strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen((const char *)val)
				    < MAX_PATH_LEN);
				strcpy(buf, state->assetdir);
				strcat(buf, (const char *)val);
				state->objtypes[id].tex = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, buf);
				assert(NULL != state->objtypes[id].tex);
			} else {
				assert(false);
			}
			xmlFree(key);
			xmlFree(val);
		}
	}

	xmlFreeDoc(doc);
	return id;
}

static void
load_objects(gamestate_t *state, xmlNodePtr node, SDL_Renderer *renderer)
{
	state->objcol.n = 0;
	state->objcol.cap = INITOBJCOLCAP;
	state->objcol.buf = malloc(sizeof(objentity_t) * state->objcol.cap);
	assert(state->objcol.buf);

	node = node->xmlChildrenNode;
	assert(NULL != node);
	do {
		if (xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"object") != 0)
			continue;

		// Get slot for object, growing buffer if needed.
		if (state->objcol.n == state->objcol.cap) {
			state->objcol.cap *= 2;
			state->objcol.buf = realloc(
			    state->objcol.buf, sizeof(objentity_t) * state->objcol.cap);
			assert(state->objcol.buf);
		}
		objentity_t *o = &state->objcol.buf[state->objcol.n++];
		o->e.tag = ENTITY_OBJ;

		// Load object type
		xmlChar *templ = xmlGetProp(node, (const xmlChar *)"template");
		assert(templ);
		o->type = load_objtype(state, (const char *)templ, renderer);
		xmlFree(templ);

		// Load object location
		o->pos.x = prop_int(node, "x");
		o->pos.y = prop_int(node, "y");
	} while ((node = node->next) != NULL);
}

static void
load_map(gamestate_t *state, const char *path, SDL_Renderer *renderer)
{
	xmlDocPtr doc = xmlParseFile(path);
	assert(NULL != doc);
	xmlNodePtr node = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
	assert(0 == xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"map"));
	node = node->xmlChildrenNode;
	int layer = 0;
	assert(NULL != node);
	do {
		if (xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"layer") == 0)
			load_layer(state->map, node, layer++);
		else if (xmlStrcmp(node->name, (const xmlChar *)"objectgroup") == 0)
			load_objects(state, node, renderer);
	} while ((node = node->next) != NULL);
	xmlFreeDoc(doc);
}

static void y_entity_ref_swap(y_entity_ref_t *a, y_entity_ref_t *b)
{
	y_entity_ref_t tmp = *a;
	*a = *b;
	*b = tmp;
}

void init_drawlist(gamestate_t *state)
{
	y_entity_ref_t buf[MAXENTITIES];
	int n = 0;

	// Populate buffer with player and objects
	buf[n].y = (int)rint(state->p.pos.y) + state->p.ext.y / 2;
	buf[n++].e = (entity_t *)&state->p;
	for (unsigned i = 0; i < state->objcol.n; ++i) {
		assert(n < MAXENTITIES);
		objentity_t *obj = state->objcol.buf + i;
		buf[n].y = obj->pos.y;
		buf[n++].e = (entity_t *)obj;
	}

	// Quicksort on y value
	int stack[QSORT_STACKSIZE], *sp = stack;
	int l = 0, h = n;
	assert(n != 0);
	while (1) {
		int pivot = buf[l].y;
		int i = l, j = h;
		do {
			for (++i; buf[i].y <= pivot; ++i)
				;
			for (--j; buf[j].y > pivot; --j)
				;
			if (i < j)
				y_entity_ref_swap(buf + i, buf + j);
		} while (i < j);
		y_entity_ref_swap(buf + l, buf + j);
		assert(sp + 2 <= stack + QSORT_STACKSIZE);
		if (j + 2 < h) {
			*sp++ = j + 1;
			*sp++ = h;
		}
		if (l + 1 < j) {
			h = j;
		} else if (sp != stack) {
			h = *(--sp);
			l = *(--sp);
		} else {
			break;
		}
	}

	// Set up drawlist from buffer
	state->drawlist = buf[0].e;
	int i = 0;
	buf[i].e->prev = NULL;
	buf[i].e->next = buf[i + 1].e;
	for (++i; i < n - 1; ++i) {
		buf[i].e->prev = buf[i - 1].e;
		buf[i].e->next = buf[i + 1].e;
	}
	buf[i].e->prev = buf[i - 1].e;
	buf[i].e->next = NULL;
}

void game_init(int argc, char *argv[], void *mem, SDL_Renderer *renderer)
{
	char path[MAX_PATH_LEN];
	gamestate_t *state = (gamestate_t *)mem;

	assert(2 == argc);
	state->assetdir = argv[1];

	// Load map
	assert(strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen(MAP_ASSET) < MAX_PATH_LEN);
	strcpy(path, state->assetdir);
	strcat(path, MAP_ASSET);
	load_map(state, path, renderer);

	// Load tileset
	assert(strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen(TSASSET) < MAX_PATH_LEN);
	strcpy(path, state->assetdir);
	strcat(path, TSASSET);
	state->tstex = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, path);
	assert(NULL != state->tstex);

	// Load player spritesheets and initialize texture
	assert(strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen(PIDLE_ASSET) < MAX_PATH_LEN);
	strcpy(path, state->assetdir);
	strcat(path, PIDLE_ASSET);
	state->pidle = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, path);
	assert(NULL != state->pidle);
	assert(strlen(state->assetdir) + strlen(PWALK_ASSET) < MAX_PATH_LEN);
	strcpy(path, state->assetdir);
	strcat(path, PWALK_ASSET);
	state->pwalk = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, path);
	assert(NULL != state->pwalk);

	// Set view position
	state->vpos.x = -128;
	state->vpos.y = -96;

	// Initialize player state
	state->p.e.tag = ENTITY_DYN;
	state->p.svar = SPRITE_DIR_DOWN;
	state->p.animlen = PANIMLEN;
	state->p.animstep.x = PWIDTH;
	state->p.svarstep.y = PHEIGHT;
	state->p.fbox.off.x = PFBOFFX;
	state->p.fbox.off.y = PFBOFFY;
	state->p.fbox.ext.x = PFBWIDTH;
	state->p.fbox.ext.y = PFBHEIGHT;
	state->p.ext.x = PWIDTH;
	state->p.ext.y = PHEIGHT;
	state->p.tex = state->pidle;

	init_drawlist(state);
}

void game_teardown(void *mem)
{
	gamestate_t *state = (gamestate_t *)mem;

	SDL_DestroyTexture(state->tstex);
	SDL_DestroyTexture(state->pidle);
	SDL_DestroyTexture(state->pwalk);
	for (int i = 0; i < MAXOBJTYPES; ++i) {
		if (NULL != state->objtypes[i].tex)
			SDL_DestroyTexture(state->objtypes[i].tex);
		else
			break;
	}
	free(state->objcol.buf);
}

gamestatus_t game_evt(void *mem, const SDL_Event *evt)
{
	gamestate_t *state = (gamestate_t *)mem;

	switch (evt->type) {
	case SDL_QUIT:
		return GAMESTATUS_QUIT;

	case SDL_KEYDOWN:
		switch (evt->key.keysym.sym) {
		case SDLK_LEFT:
			state->input.left = true;
			break;
		case SDLK_RIGHT:
			state->input.right = true;
			break;
		case SDLK_UP:
			state->input.up = true;
			break;
		case SDLK_DOWN:
			state->input.down = true;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		break;

	case SDL_KEYUP:
		switch (evt->key.keysym.sym) {
		case SDLK_LEFT:
			state->input.left = false;
			break;
		case SDLK_RIGHT:
			state->input.right = false;
			break;
		case SDLK_UP:
			state->input.up = false;
			break;
		case SDLK_DOWN:
			state->input.down = false;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		break;

	default:
		break;
	}

	return GAMESTATUS_OK;
}

static inline double mag(dvec_t v)
{
	return sqrt(v.x * v.x + v.y * v.y);
}

static inline double dot(dvec_t v, dvec_t u)
{
	return v.x * u.x + v.y * u.y;
}

static inline bool tile_passable(const map_t map, int x, int y)
{
	for (unsigned l = 0; l < MAPNLAYERS; ++l) {
		const unsigned id = map_tile(map, l, x, y);
		for (unsigned i = 0; i < NELEMS(impassable_tiles); ++i) {
			if (impassable_tiles[i] == id)
				return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
}

static void update_dynentity(gamestate_t *state, dynentity_t *e, double dt)
{
	if (0 == e->speed) {
		// Round position to nearest integer to align with pixel grid.
		e->pos.x = rint(e->pos.x);
		e->pos.y = rint(e->pos.y);
		return;
	}

	// Update sprite variant
	if (e->dir.y >= 0) {
		if (e->dir.x > 0)
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_RIGHT_DOWN;
		else if (e->dir.x < 0)
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_LEFT_DOWN;
		else
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_DOWN;
	} else if (e->dir.y < 0) {
		if (e->dir.x > 0)
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_RIGHT_UP;
		else if (e->dir.x < 0)
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_LEFT_UP;
		else
			e->svar = SPRITE_DIR_UP;
	}

	// Apply velocity (handling map collisions)
	const double nextx = e->pos.x + dt * e->speed * e->dir.x;
	const double nexty = e->pos.y + dt * e->speed * e->dir.y;
	const dvec_t pfb
	    = { .x = nextx + e->fbox.off.x, .y = nexty + e->fbox.off.y };
	bool valid = true;
	valid &= tile_passable(state->map, (int)rint(pfb.x), (int)rint(pfb.y));
	valid &= tile_passable(
	    state->map, (int)rint(pfb.x + e->fbox.ext.x), (int)rint(pfb.y));
	valid &= tile_passable(
	    state->map, (int)rint(pfb.x), (int)rint(pfb.y + e->fbox.ext.y));
	valid &= tile_passable(
	    state->map, (int)rint(pfb.x + e->fbox.ext.x),
	    (int)rint(pfb.y + e->fbox.ext.y));
	if (valid) {
		e->pos.x = nextx;
		e->pos.y = nexty;
	}
}

gamestatus_t game_update(void *mem, double dt)
{
	gamestate_t *state = (gamestate_t *)mem;

	// Calculate player velocity and update player
	state->p.dir.x
	    = (state->input.left ? -1 : 0) + (state->input.right ? 1 : 0);
	state->p.dir.y
	    = (state->input.up ? -1 : 0) + (state->input.down ? 1 : 0);
	const double dmag = mag(state->p.dir);
	if (dmag != 0) {
		state->p.dir.x /= dmag;
		state->p.dir.y /= dmag;
		state->p.tex = state->pwalk;
		state->p.speed = WALKSPEED;
	} else {
		state->p.tex = state->pidle;
		state->p.speed = 0;

		// Round view position to nearest integer to align with
		// pixel grid.
		state->vpos.x = rint(state->vpos.x);
		state->vpos.y = rint(state->vpos.y);
	}
	update_dynentity(state, &state->p, dt);

	// Update view
	const dvec_t pvdisp = {
		.x = state->p.pos.x - (state->vpos.x + VIEWWIDTH / 2),
		.y = state->p.pos.y - (state->vpos.y + VIEWHEIGHT / 2),
	};
	if (mag(pvdisp) > 72 && dot(pvdisp, state->p.dir) > 0) {
		const double nextx
		    = state->vpos.x + dt * state->p.speed * state->p.dir.x;
		const double nexty
		    = state->vpos.y + dt * state->p.speed * state->p.dir.y;
		const bool validx = nextx >= MAPMINX && nextx < MAPMAXX;
		const bool validy = nexty >= MAPMINY && nexty < MAPMAXY;
		if (validx && validy) {
			state->vpos.x = nextx;
			state->vpos.y = nexty;
		}
	}

	return GAMESTATUS_OK;
}

static void render_map(const gamestate_t *state, SDL_Renderer *renderer)
{
	const int startx = TILESIZE * floor(state->vpos.x / TILESIZE);
	const int starty = TILESIZE * floor(state->vpos.y / TILESIZE);
	const int endx = ceil(state->vpos.x + VIEWWIDTH);
	const int endy = ceil(state->vpos.y + VIEWHEIGHT);
	for (int l = 0; l < MAPNLAYERS; ++l) {
		for (int y = starty; y < endy; y += TILESIZE) {
			for (int x = startx; x < endx; x += TILESIZE) {
				const unsigned tileid = map_tile(state->map, l, x, y);
				if (0 == tileid)
					continue;
				const SDL_Rect src = {
					.x = TILESIZE * ((tileid - 1) % TSCOLS),
					.y = TILESIZE * ((tileid - 1) / TSCOLS),
					.w = TILESIZE,
					.h = TILESIZE,
				};
				const SDL_Rect dest = {
					.x = (int)rint(SCALE * (x - state->vpos.x)),
					.y = (int)rint(SCALE * (y - state->vpos.y)),
					.w = SCALE * TILESIZE,
					.h = SCALE * TILESIZE,
				};
				SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, state->tstex, &src, &dest);
			}
		}
	}
}

static void render_dynentity(
    const gamestate_t *state, SDL_Renderer *renderer, const dynentity_t *e,
    uint64_t t)
{
	const unsigned frame = (t / BASEANIMPERIOD) % e->animlen;
	const SDL_Rect src = {
		.x = e->animstep.x * frame + e->svarstep.x * e->svar,
		.y = e->animstep.y * frame + e->svarstep.y * e->svar,
		.w = e->ext.x,
		.h = e->ext.y,
	};
	const SDL_Rect dest = {
		.x = (int)rint(SCALE * (e->pos.x - e->ext.x / 2 - state->vpos.x)),
		.y = (int)rint(SCALE * (e->pos.y - e->ext.y / 2 - state->vpos.y)),
		.w = SCALE * e->ext.x,
		.h = SCALE * e->ext.y,
	};
	SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, e->tex, &src, &dest);
}

static void render_objentity(
    const gamestate_t *state, SDL_Renderer *renderer, uint64_t t,
    const objentity_t *obj)
{
	assert(obj->type < MAXOBJTYPES);
	const objtype_t *type = &state->objtypes[obj->type];
	assert(NULL != type->tex);
	SDL_Rect src = type->src;
	src.x += type->src.w * ((t / BASEANIMPERIOD) % type->animframes);
	const int x = rint(SCALE * (obj->pos.x - state->vpos.x));
	const int y = rint(SCALE * (obj->pos.y - state->vpos.y - type->src.h));
	SDL_Rect dest = {
		.x = x,
		.y = y,
		.w = SCALE * type->src.w,
		.h = SCALE * type->src.h,
	};
	SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, type->tex, &src, &dest);
}

void game_render(const void *mem, SDL_Renderer *renderer, long unsigned t)
{
	const gamestate_t *state = (const gamestate_t *)mem;
	render_map(state, renderer);
	for (const entity_t *e = state->drawlist; e != NULL; e = e->next) {
		switch (e->tag) {
		case ENTITY_DYN:
			render_dynentity(state, renderer, (const dynentity_t *)e, t);
			break;
		case ENTITY_OBJ:
			render_objentity(state, renderer, t, (const objentity_t *)e);
			break;
		default:
			assert(false);
		}
	}
}